A fall safety expert asked OSHA whether employees must specifically grasp the horizontal (round or D-shaped) rungs when climbing ladders, as opposed to the side rails.
OSHA explained that 29 CFR 1910.23(b)(12) requires workers to use at least one hand to grasp the ladder when climbing up and down it, but it does not mandate grasping a particular ladder section. The purpose of the rule is ensuring three-point contact — three points of control — throughout the climb.
OSHA did state that grasping horizontal rungs is preferable and encourages employers to follow that practice, while acknowledging there are circumstances where holding side rails may be necessary. Bottom line: the regulation does not require employees to grasp a specific portion of the ladder, such as the horizontal rungs, when ascending or descending.