A crane training institute asked OSHA three questions about head protection during operations of overhead, gantry, jib, and monorail cranes and fixed hoists, both indoors and outdoors.
First, does 29 CFR 1910.135(a)(1) apply to these crane operations? OSHA explained that head protection is required when workers face 'potential for injury to the head from falling objects.' If employees could be struck by overhead hazards during crane operations, 1910.135(a)(1) applies and head protection is required. OSHA also pointed to 29 CFR 1910.179(n)(3)(vi), which requires crane operators to avoid carrying loads over people.
Second, what type of helmet is acceptable? Per 29 CFR 1910.135(b)(1), head protection must comply with ANSI Z89.1-2009, Z89.1-2003, or Z89.1-1997, the consensus standards incorporated by reference in 29 CFR 1910.6.
Third, is helmet use for crane operators mandatory or discretionary? OSHA said employers must assess their workplaces under 29 CFR 1910.132(d)(1) to determine whether hazards are present. If overhead hazards exist for operators, the employer must provide and require head protection. Even where the assessment finds no hazard, employers may still mandate helmets 'as a precautionary measure.'